Beta cell failure drives the progression from pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes alone may not suffice in preventing type 2 diabetes, necessitating pre-diabetes-targeted drugs. The EPIC study explored the impact of antidiabetic medications on insulin sensitivity and beta cell function in 200 individuals with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance over two years. Metformin, pioglitazone, saxagliptin, and dapagliflozin were used. Pioglitazone emerged as the most effective, preserving beta cell function and improving insulin sensitivity. All drugs reduced fasting and two-hour glucose levels, with pioglitazone causing weight gain. Overall, early intervention with pioglitazone proves beneficial for pre-diabetes individuals.
